Low power density, a main drawback in a mediator-type microbial fuel cell MFC, has been greatly increased by immobilizing bacteria using carbon nanoparticles. Proteus vulgaris-containing carbon paste was prepared by mixing bacteria suspension with carbon nanoparticles using Teflon emulsion. Thus, prepared carbon paste was spread on the carbon cloth and used as an anode. Higher power density was obtained than when bacteria were suspended in solution. The maximum power density of 705 mW m?
